Core drilling is the process of drilling below the earth's surface to obtain a core of soil or rock sample in order to determine its properties. Core drilling is an important part of geotechnical site investigation that is carried out for the planning and construction of sub-surface structures such as tunnels and pipelines.
Down-the-hole drilling (DTH) essentially involves a drilling hammer at the bottom of a drill string. It relies on three elements for drilling holes: bit loading (weight), rotation and air. These active elements combine to be efficient at crushing rock. As the drill string slowly rotates, the drilling hammer is forced into the rock repeatedly. Striking power is provided by compressed air driving a piston inside the hammer.